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Question #42747

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A modified metre bridge is constructed with a uniform wire AB of length L=100 cmL = 100 \text{ cm} and total resistance 5R05 R_0. Two resistors R1=4R0R_1 = 4 R_0 and R2=R0R_2 = R_0 are connected in the left gap (between A and D) and right gap (between D and B) respectively. An ideal battery of emf EE is connected across the ends A and B (with the positive terminal at A). A non-ideal galvanometer is connected between the junction D and a jockey J that slides on the wire. The galvanometer has a resistance Rg=0.4R0R_g = 0.4 R_0 and a mechanical zero error, such that it shows zero deflection only when a constant current i0=E40R0i_0 = \frac{E}{40 R_0} flows through it from D to J. Due to the mechanical design of the track, the jockey exerts a variable pressure on the wire, creating a position-dependent contact resistance RcR_c in series with the galvanometer. For a jockey position xx (measured from A in cm), this contact resistance is given by Rc(x)=R0[1.05+13(x−80100)]R_c(x) = R_0 \left[ 1.05 + 13 \left( \frac{x - 80}{100} \right) \right]. Find the apparent null point position xx where the galvanometer shows zero deflection.

Options

  • A.

    90.0 \text{ cm}

  • B.

    87.6 \text{ cm}

  • C.

    91.3 \text{ cm}

  • D.

    75.7 \text{ cm}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Variable_Constraint

Develop pure symbolic logic skills by mastering algebraic constraints without relying on numerical data.

Concepts Behind This Question

Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule|Metre Bridge End Correction|Binomial Approximation

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the student's ability to apply Kirchhoff's Loop Rule to a perturbatively unbalanced bridge.

The primary trap lies in the assumption that the bridge's equivalent resistance and the contact resistance can be treated as constants evaluated at the ideal balance point (x=80x=80 cm).

Students who ignore the first-order (linear) variations in RthR_{th} and RcR_c with respect to the displacement δ\delta will incorrectly calculate the required potential difference to drive the zero-error current i0i_0, leading to answers like 87.6 cm or 91.3 cm.

By making the contact resistance a function of mechanical displacement, the problem forces a rigorous algebraic formulation of the entire circuit's resistance profile rather than relying on static, ideal-case formulas.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterCurrent Electricity - Class 12
ConceptKirchhoff’s Loop Rule
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree