Before You Begin
Question #42823
The Question
A gas of Hydrogen atoms is placed in a uniform external electric field . The first-order Stark effect perturbs the first excited state (), splitting the degenerate manifold into three distinct energy levels: , , and , where is the unperturbed energy, is the elementary charge, and is the Bohr radius. The ground state () energy remains unshifted. The states corresponding to the shifted energies are linear combinations of the and orbitals, while the unshifted energy corresponds to the and orbitals. Let be the wavelength of the Lyman- line in the absence of the electric field. Assuming , what is the number of allowed distinct spectral lines observed for transitions from the manifold to the ground state, and what is the maximum difference in wavelength between the highest and lowest energy photons emitted?
Options
- A.
3 lines,
- B.
2 lines,
- C.
3 lines,
- D.
1 line,
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Intuition_Breaker
Train your brain to resist "obvious" answers that are designed to deceive your intuition.
Concepts Behind This Question
Superposition Principle|Energy Level Scaling|Vector Cross-Products
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the superposition principle in quantum states under an external electric field perturbation (Stark effect).
A common trap is for students to rigidly apply the unperturbed dipole selection rule () and assume that one of the shifted states must be pure (forbidden) and the other pure (allowed), leading to an incorrect count of 2 spectral lines.
In reality, the external field breaks spherical symmetry, mixing the parity states so that both shifted levels are linear combinations of and .
Consequently, both states acquire a non-zero dipole transition matrix element to the state, resulting in 3 distinct spectral lines.
Another trap is treating the external field as a global potential shift, which would incorrectly yield 1 line with zero wavelength shift.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Physics |
| Chapter | Electric Charges and Fields - Class 12 |
| Concept | Superposition Principle |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |