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Question #42841

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A non-uniform, spherically symmetric charge distribution has a volume charge density ρ(r)=αr\rho(r) = \frac{\alpha}{r} for r≤ar \le a, where rr is the spherical radial distance from the origin and α\alpha is a positive constant. In the same region, there exists a magnetic field given in cylindrical coordinates (s,ϕ,z)(s, \phi, z) as B⃗=B0Rss^\vec{B} = \frac{B_0 R}{s} \hat{s}, where B0B_0 and RR are positive constants. A thin, straight conducting rod of length LL is placed parallel to the zz-axis at a cylindrical radial distance s=Rs = R. The ends of the rod are at z=0z = 0 and z=Lz = L. The rod rotates about the zz-axis with a constant angular velocity ω⃗=ωk^\vec{\omega} = \omega \hat{k}. Assuming the rod is entirely within the charge distribution (R2+L2<a2R^2 + L^2 < a^2), what is the steady-state potential difference V(L)−V(0)V(L) - V(0) between the ends of the rod?

Options

  • A.

    α2ϵ0(R2+L2−R)−ωRB0L\frac{\alpha}{2\epsilon_0} (\sqrt{R^2+L^2} - R) - \omega R B_0 L

  • B.

    αL2ϵ0+ωRB0L\frac{\alpha L}{2\epsilon_0} + \omega R B_0 L

  • C.

    −ωRB0L-\omega R B_0 L

  • D.

    α2ϵ0(R2+L2−R)+ωRB0L\frac{\alpha}{2\epsilon_0} (\sqrt{R^2+L^2} - R) + \omega R B_0 L

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Gauss Law Applicability|Motional EMF in Rotating Rods|Instantaneous Nature

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the rigorous application of the Lorentz force law and vector integration, specifically targeting the confusion between spherical and cylindrical coordinate systems.

The primary trap occurs when students assume that a 'radial' electric field from a spherically symmetric distribution has no component parallel to a rod offset from the origin, confusing the spherical radial vector (r^sph\hat{r}_{sph}) with the cylindrical radial vector (s^\hat{s}).

Consequently, they might incorrectly conclude Ez=0E_z = 0.

Furthermore, students often fail to properly evaluate the cross product v⃗×B⃗\vec{v} \times \vec{B}, missing the negative sign from ϕ^×s^=−k^\hat{\phi} \times \hat{s} = -\hat{k}, or they attempt to scalar-add the motional EMF and the electrostatic potential without considering their vector dot products with the path element dl⃗d\vec{l}.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterElectric Charges and Fields - Class 12
ConceptGauss Law Applicability
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree