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Question #44092

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A buffer solution is to be prepared using acetic acid (\ce{CH3COOH}) and sodium acetate (\ce{CH3COONa}) in a 60%60\% (v/v) ethanol-water mixed solvent at 298 K298\text{ K}. The aqueous pKapK_a of acetic acid is 4.764.76. The standard free energy of transfer (ΔGtr∘\Delta G^\circ_{tr}) for the dissociation reaction \ceCH3COOH⇌CH3COO−+H+\ce{CH3COOH \rightleftharpoons CH3COO- + H+} from pure water to the mixed solvent is +5.70 kJ mol−1+5.70\text{ kJ mol}^{-1} due to the lower dielectric constant of the medium. (Given: 2.303RT=5.70 kJ mol−12.303 RT = 5.70\text{ kJ mol}^{-1} at 298 K298\text{ K}).

Which of the following correctly identifies (i) the pH at which this buffer exhibits maximum buffer capacity in the mixed solvent, and (ii) the required molar ratio of [\ceCH3COONa][\ceCH3COOH]\frac{[\ce{CH3COONa}]}{[\ce{CH3COOH}]} to prepare a buffer of pH=4.76\text{pH} = 4.76 in this specific medium?

Options

  • A.

    5.76, 0.1

  • B.

    4.76, 1.0

  • C.

    3.76, 10.0

  • D.

    5.76, 1.0

Check Your Answer

Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Mechanism_Trap

Don't get tricked by the process! Learn the mechanical traps used in competitive exam questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Buffer Capacity and pH Range|Acidity and Basicity (pKa/pKb)|Solvent Effects on Reactivity

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the 'Solvent Effect on Reactivity' exception.

Students are heavily conditioned to treat pKapK_a as an immutable constant (relying on the aqueous value of 4.76 for acetic acid) and will reflexively assume maximum buffer capacity occurs at pH=4.76\text{pH} = 4.76 with a 1:1 ratio (Option B).

The hidden variable is the solvent's dielectric constant.

By introducing an ethanol-water mixture, the electrostatic stabilization of the conjugate base is reduced, shifting the apparent pKapK_a upward.

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is only valid if the medium-specific apparent pKapK_a is utilized.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterEquilibrium - Class 11 Part 1
ConceptBuffer Capacity and pH Range
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree