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Question #44153
The Question
In a standard planar amide, resonance between the nitrogen lone pair and the carbonyl group results in a \ce{C-N} fractional -bond order of and a \ce{C=O} stretching frequency of . In a completely orthogonal (unresonated) system where the dihedral angle , the \ce{C-N} -bond order is and the \ce{C=O} stretching frequency is .
In a highly sterically hindered \ce{N-tert-butyl-N-methylacetamide} derivative at , steric strain forces the amide plane to twist, resulting in a dihedral angle .
Assuming that the \ce{C-N} -bond order is directly proportional to the square of the orbital overlap integral (which is proportional to ), and that the \ce{C=O} stretching frequency varies linearly with the \ce{C=O} -bond order (where ), what is the expected \ce{C-N} total bond order and the \ce{C=O} stretching frequency in this sterically hindered amide?
Options
- A.
and
- B.
and
- C.
and
- D.
and
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Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Mechanism_Trap
Don't get tricked by the process! Learn the mechanical traps used in competitive exam questions.
Concepts Behind This Question
Bond Order in Resonance Hybrids|Peptide Bond Planarity
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the concept of Steric Inhibition of Resonance in amides.
Students often memorize the peptide bond order as a fixed value (~1.33-1.5) and assume planarity.
By introducing bulky substituents, steric hindrance forces the dihedral angle out of planarity, drastically reducing the p-orbital overlap.
The trap lies in failing to recognize that -bond character scales with (not ) and correctly linking the diminished \ce{C-N} resonance to the corresponding increase in \ce{C=O} bond order and its stretching frequency.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Chapter | Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure - Class 11 Part 1 |
| Concept | Bond Order in Resonance Hybrids |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |