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Question #44186

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The Question

Consider the complex gas-phase oxidation of nitric oxide at 298 K: 2\ceNO(g)+\ceO2(g)→2\ceNO2(g)2\ce{NO}(g) + \ce{O2}(g) \rightarrow 2\ce{NO2}(g) The proposed mechanism is: Step 1: \ceNO+\ceNO→k1\ceN2O2\ce{NO} + \ce{NO} \xrightarrow{k_1} \ce{N2O2} Step -1: \ceN2O2→k−1\ceNO+\ceNO\ce{N2O2} \xrightarrow{k_{-1}} \ce{NO} + \ce{NO} Step 2: \ceN2O2+\ceO2→k22\ceNO2\ce{N2O2} + \ce{O2} \xrightarrow{k_2} 2\ce{NO2} The rate constants are k1=4×105 M−1s−1k_1 = 4 \times 10^5 \, \text{M}^{-1}\text{s}^{-1}, k−1=2×106 s−1k_{-1} = 2 \times 10^6 \, \text{s}^{-1}, and k2=103 M−1s−1k_2 = 10^3 \, \text{M}^{-1}\text{s}^{-1}. The reaction is carried out with a constant excess concentration of oxygen, [\ceO2]=0.5 M[\ce{O2}] = 0.5 \, \text{M}. Applying the Steady State Approximation (SSA) for the intermediate \ceN2O2\ce{N2O2} (assume k−1≫k2[\ceO2]k_{-1} \gg k_2[\ce{O2}]), a kinetic plot of 1[\ceNO]\frac{1}{[\ce{NO}]} versus time tt (in seconds) yields a straight line with slope SS. The numerical value of SS is exactly equal to the uncertainty in velocity (Δv\Delta v, in m/s) of a microscopic particle of mass mp=h160πm_p = \frac{h}{160\pi} kg (where hh is Planck's constant). Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the position (Δx\Delta x) of this particle.

Options

  • A.

    2.0×10−1 m2.0 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{m}

  • B.

    4.0×10−1 m4.0 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{m}

  • C.

    8.0×10−1 m8.0 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{m}

  • D.

    1.0×10−1 m1.0 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{m}

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Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Numerical_Precision

Improve calculation stamina and avoid rounding errors in high-stakes competitive examinations.

Concepts Behind This Question

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle|Graphical Slopes Analysis|Steady State Approximation|Stoichiometric Coefficient Division

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

The core trap lies in the 'Stoichiometric Coefficient Division' during the derivation of the rate law.

Students frequently equate the overall rate of reaction r=12d[\ceNO2]dtr = \frac{1}{2}\frac{d[\ce{NO2}]}{dt} directly to the slope of the 1[\ceNO]\frac{1}{[\ce{NO}]} vs tt graph.

However, because 2 moles of NO are consumed per reaction cycle, the rate of disappearance of NO is −d[\ceNO]dt=2r-\frac{d[\ce{NO}]}{dt} = 2r.

Failing to account for this factor of 2 yields an incorrect slope (S=100S = 100), which propagates non-linearly into the Heisenberg uncertainty calculation, leading to the primary distractor 4.0×10−1 m4.0 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{m}.

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Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterStructure of Atom - Class 11 Part 1
ConceptHeisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree