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Question #44543

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The Question

A 3d transition metal MM is unique in its series for possessing a positive standard reduction potential (EM2+/M∘>0E^\circ_{M^{2+}/M} > 0). An aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving 0.1 mol0.1\text{ mol} of its chloride salt, \ce{MCl2}, in 1 kg1\text{ kg} of water. To this solution, 0.5 mol0.5\text{ mol} of \ce{KCN} is added, resulting in the evolution of a toxic gas that escapes completely, and the formation of a stable, tetrahedral mononuclear complex of MM. Assuming 100% dissociation of all soluble salts and ideal behavior, what is the depression in freezing point (ΔTf\Delta T_f) of the final solution? (KfK_f of water = 1.86 K kg mol−11.86\text{ K kg mol}^{-1})

Options

  • A.

    1.488 K1.488\text{ K}

  • B.

    1.674 K1.674\text{ K}

  • C.

    1.116 K1.116\text{ K}

  • D.

    1.860 K1.860\text{ K}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Numerical_Precision

Improve calculation stamina and avoid rounding errors in high-stakes competitive examinations.

Concepts Behind This Question

Van’t Hoff Factor (i) Application|E° (M2+/M) Anomalies|Molecular Mass Abnormalities

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the intersection of periodic anomalies, redox chemistry, and colligative properties.

The primary trap is failing to recognize the redox reaction between \ce{Cu^{2+}} and \ce{CN^-}.

Students often incorrectly assume a simple complexation to form \ce{[Cu(CN)4]^{2-}}, which would leave 0.1 mol0.1\text{ mol} of unreacted \ce{CN^-} in solution, altering the Van't Hoff factor and leading to the incorrect ΔTf\Delta T_f of 1.674 K1.674\text{ K}.

Recognizing the reduction to \ce{Cu^+} and the exact stoichiometry of the tetrahedral \ce{[Cu(CN)4]^{3-}} complex is the key step.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterSolutions - Class 12
ConceptVan’t Hoff Factor (i) Application
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree