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Question #44793

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

Consider the complex consecutive first-order reaction sequence occurring in a closed vessel at T=298 KT = 298\text{ K}:

\ce{A(g) ->[k_1] I(g) ->[k_2] P(g)}

The Arrhenius parameters for the two steps are such that their pre-exponential factors are equal (A1=A2A_1 = A_2), and the difference in their activation energies is Ea1−Ea2=2.303RTE_{a1} - E_{a2} = 2.303 RT.

A student attempts to apply the Steady-State Approximation (SSA) to the intermediate II. However, recognizing the 'induction period' before SSA becomes strictly valid, the student measures the instantaneous rate of formation of product PP at the exact moment t=tmaxt = t_{max}, where the concentration of intermediate II reaches its absolute maximum.

If RP,maxR_{P, max} is the instantaneous rate of formation of PP at tmaxt_{max}, and RA,0R_{A, 0} is the initial instantaneous rate of disappearance of AA at t=0t=0, determine the exact ratio RP,maxRA,0\frac{R_{P, max}}{R_{A, 0}}.

Options

  • A.

    10−1/910^{-1/9}

  • B.

    10−1/1010^{-1/10}

  • C.

    11

  • D.

    10−9/1010^{-9/10}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Exception_Exposure

Learn to identify edge cases and boundary exceptions that JEE examiners hide in math problems.

Concepts Behind This Question

Instantaneous vs. Average Rate|Steady State Approximation

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the transient 'induction period' of a consecutive reaction before the Steady-State Approximation (SSA) is fully established.

Students often blindly apply SSA (d[I]/dt≈0d[I]/dt \approx 0) from t=0t=0, which would incorrectly imply that the rate of product formation equals the initial rate of reactant consumption (leading to Option C: 1).

By asking for the rate exactly at the peak of the intermediate's concentration (tmaxt_{max}), the problem forces the student to acknowledge that while d[I]/dt=0d[I]/dt = 0 is momentarily true, the reactant [A][A] has already depleted during the induction period.

The hidden variable is the exact extent of reactant depletion ([A]tmax[A]_{t_{max}}) before the steady-state maximum is reached.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterChemical Kinetics - Class 12
ConceptInstantaneous vs. Average Rate
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree