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Question #45010
The Question
Consider the standard reduction potentials for Neptunium (\ce{Np}) species in aqueous acidic medium () at : \begin{align*} \ce{Np^{4+}{(aq)} + e^-} &\rightleftharpoons \ce{Np^{3+}{(aq)}} \quad &E^\circ = +0.14\ \text{V} \ \ce{NpO2^{+}{(aq)} + 4H^+{(aq)} + e^-} &\rightleftharpoons \ce{Np^{4+}{(aq)} + 2H2O{(l)}} \quad &E^\circ = +0.74\ \text{V} \ \ce{NpO2^{2+}{(aq)} + e^-} &\rightleftharpoons \ce{NpO2^{+}{(aq)}} \quad &E^\circ = +1.13\ \text{V} \end{align*} Three distinct redox reactions involving pairs of these Neptunium species as reactants can occur. Among them, identify the reaction that is both thermodynamically spontaneous and kinetically the fastest (characterized by the lowest activation energy barrier due to the preservation of the actinyl core and hydration spheres). What is the standard cell potential () of this specific reaction?
Options
- A.
+0.99 V
- B.
+0.60 V
- C.
+0.39 V
- D.
+0.94 V
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Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Exception_Exposure
Learn to identify edge cases and boundary exceptions that JEE examiners hide in math problems.
Concepts Behind This Question
Comproportionation Reversibility|Actinoid Oxidation State Variety|Electrode Potential Sign Conventions
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
The question tests the 'Kinetic Bottleneck' in actinoid redox chemistry.
Students often assume that thermodynamic spontaneity () guarantees a feasible reaction pathway.
However, the hidden variable is the kinetic barrier imposed by the 5f-orbital participation in the strong covalent actinyl () bonds.
Reactions that make or break these bonds are kinetically slow, whereas simple electron transfers that preserve the coordination geometry are fast.
The trap is failing to distinguish between thermodynamic driving force and kinetic accessibility based on molecular architecture.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Chapter | Redox Reactions - Class 11 Part 2 |
| Concept | Comproportionation Reversibility |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |