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Question #45018

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

Given the standard reduction potential of the aqueous cobalt couple E∘(\ceCo3+/\ceCo2+)=+1.82 VE^\circ(\ce{Co^{3+}}/\ce{Co^{2+}}) = +1.82\text{ V} at 298 K298\text{ K}. The overall formation constants (β3\beta_3) for the ethylenediamine (en) complexes [\ceCo(en)3]3+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{3+} and [\ceCo(en)3]2+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{2+} are 103310^{33} and 10510^5, respectively. Consider the redox reaction where [\ceCo(en)3]2+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{2+} is oxidized by \ceSn4+\ce{Sn^{4+}} to form [\ceCo(en)3]3+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{3+} and \ceSn2+\ce{Sn^{2+}} under standard conditions. Given E∘(\ceSn4+/\ceSn2+)=+0.15 VE^\circ(\ce{Sn^{4+}}/\ce{Sn^{2+}}) = +0.15\text{ V} and 2.303RTF=0.06 V\frac{2.303 RT}{F} = 0.06\text{ V} at 298 K298\text{ K}. Assuming [\ceCo(en)3]2+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{2+} is a high-spin complex and [\ceCo(en)3]3+[\ce{Co(en)_3}]^{3+} is a low-spin complex, what is the standard cell potential (Ecell∘E^\circ_{\text{cell}}) for this reaction, and what is the change in the number of unpaired electrons (Δn=nproduct−nreactant\Delta n = n_{\text{product}} - n_{\text{reactant}}) on the cobalt center?

Options

  • A.

    +0.01 V,−3+0.01\text{ V}, -3

  • B.

    −1.67 V,−3-1.67\text{ V}, -3

  • C.

    +0.29 V,−1+0.29\text{ V}, -1

  • D.

    −3.35 V,−1-3.35\text{ V}, -1

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Exception_Exposure

Learn to identify edge cases and boundary exceptions that JEE examiners hide in math problems.

Concepts Behind This Question

Nernstian Redox Equilibrium|Gibbs Energy and Spontaneity|Complex Ion Oxidation States|Ligand Denticity Variations

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the intersection of Nernstian thermodynamics and Coordination Chemistry.

Students often memorize standard reduction potentials but fail to account for the massive shift in E∘E^\circ caused by the differential stability of complex ions (quantified by formation constants, β\beta).

The primary trap is calculating the cell potential using the uncomplexed \ceCo3+/\ceCo2+\ce{Co^{3+}}/\ce{Co^{2+}} potential, which would incorrectly predict the reaction is highly non-spontaneous (Option B).

Additionally, it tests the ability to track changes in crystal field splitting and spin states during a redox event, specifically the transition from a high-spin d7d^7 to a low-spin d6d^6 configuration.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterRedox Reactions - Class 11 Part 2
ConceptNernstian Redox Equilibrium
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree