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Question #45721
The Question
In a patient with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, severe polyuria is primarily initiated by the osmotic effect of unabsorbed glucose in the filtrate. However, this condition further impairs the kidney's ability to concentrate urine through a secondary physiological disruption. Which of the following best explains this secondary impairment?
Options
- A.
The high tubular flow rate washes out the medullary interstitial osmolarity gradient, disrupting the counter-current mechanism.
- B.
Chronic hyperglycemia directly inhibits the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, preventing the release of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH).
- C.
Excess glucose in the filtrate competitively inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter in the thick ascending limb of the Loop of Henle.
- D.
Insulin deficiency directly prevents the insertion of Aquaporin-2 channels in the collecting duct, regardless of ADH levels.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Glucosuria|Osmotic_Diuresis|Henle_Loop_Gradient
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students easily connect Diabetes Mellitus to 'glycosuria' and 'osmotic diuresis' (NCERT Chapter 22), but often fail to synthesize how the resulting increased tubular flow rate mechanically disrupts the medullary interstitial gradient (NCERT Chapter 19).
This tests the high-level integration of endocrine pathology with renal counter-current hemodynamics.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Excretory Products and Their Elimination - Class 11 |
| Concept | Counter-Current Exchanger |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |