Before You Begin
Question #45732
The Question
A patient is diagnosed with a rare tumor causing the continuous, pathological overexpression of ADH (Vasopressin). This results in chronic hypervolemia (increased blood volume) and continuous stretching of the atrial walls of the heart. Based on the antagonistic regulatory mechanisms of the human excretory system, which of the following physiological profiles will be observed in this patient?
Options
- A.
Elevated ANF, suppressed Renin, and concentrated urine with high sodium content.
- B.
Elevated ANF, elevated Renin, and dilute urine with low sodium content.
- C.
Suppressed ANF, elevated Aldosterone, and concentrated urine with low sodium content.
- D.
Elevated ANF, suppressed Renin, and dilute urine with high sodium content.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Atrial_Natriuretic_Factor|ADH_Vasopressin_Logic|Juxtaglomerular_Apparatus
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often memorize that 'ANF decreases blood pressure' but fail to integrate how it interacts with a pathological ADH override.
The trap is assuming that if ANF is active, it will successfully dilute the urine by excreting water along with sodium.
However, ADH specifically inserts aquaporins in the collecting duct, uncoupling water reabsorption from sodium reabsorption.
Thus, the patient excretes sodium (due to ANF and low Aldosterone) but retains water (due to ADH), leading to concentrated, sodium-rich urine and a suppressed RAAS axis.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Excretory Products and Their Elimination - Class 11 |
| Concept | ANF Antagonism |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |