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Question #46051
The Question
A large, continuous tropical rainforest is cleared, leaving behind only small, isolated patches conserved as 'Sacred Groves'. Despite strict legal protection and zero human interference within these groves, ecologists observe a steady extinction of endemic, forest-interior specialist amphibians. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon, and how does it relate to Paul Ehrlich's hypothesis?
Options
- A.
The small area increases genetic drift and inbreeding depression; this represents the sudden removal of a 'key rivet' causing immediate ecosystem collapse.
- B.
The 'Edge effect' alters abiotic microclimates (e.g., reduced humidity, increased wind) throughout the small patch, eliminating sensitive species; this gradual loss exemplifies the 'popping of rivets' that weakens ecosystem stability.
- C.
The fragmentation prevents the migration of large carnivores, leading to herbivore overpopulation; this illustrates the loss of 'wing rivets' leading to sudden fragmentation.
- D.
Alien species from the cleared areas invade the groves and competitively exclude endemics; this demonstrates the replacement of 'flight safety rivets'.
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Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Ecological Succession Climax|Humification vs Mineralization|Nutrient Immobility
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often restrict the consequences of 'Habitat Fragmentation' to the loss of large territories required by mammals and birds.
They frequently overlook the 'Edge Effect'—the insidious alteration of abiotic microclimates that drives the extinction of small interior specialists (plants, amphibians).
Synthesizing this specific mechanism of biodiversity loss with the 'Rivet Popper Hypothesis' requires connecting a cause of extinction with a theoretical model of ecosystem stability.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Biodiversity and Conservation - Class 12 |
| Concept | Rivet Popper Hypothesis |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |