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Question #46495
The Question
In malaria, the rupture of infected erythrocytes releases haemozoin, a toxic pigment responsible for the classic paroxysms of chills and high fever. Immunologically, this systemic inflammatory pathology is primarily a consequence of:
Options
- A.
An exaggerated secondary adaptive immune response where memory B-cells rapidly produce IgE against haemozoin.
- B.
The activation of the innate immune system, where haemozoin acts as a PAMP, triggering macrophages to release massive amounts of endogenous pyrogens like TNF-alpha.
- C.
A passive immune mechanism where pre-existing antibodies cross-react with haemozoin, forming immune complexes that deposit in the hypothalamus.
- D.
The direct neurotoxic effect of haemozoin on the hypothalamic thermostat, completely bypassing both innate and adaptive immune cellular pathways.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Plasmodium|TNF-alpha|Interferons|Macrophages
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often memorize the NCERT fact 'haemozoin causes fever' but misinterpret the mechanism as a direct neurotoxic effect (Option D) or an adaptive immune response.
The trap tests the ability to classify this specific pathogenesis as a hyperactive innate immune response (cytokine storm) rather than a direct toxin or adaptive/passive immunity.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Human Health and Disease - Class 12 |
| Concept | Haemozoin Release |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |