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Question #47447
The Question
A specific neurotoxin that completely inhibits the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles is introduced into the utricle and saccule of a mammalian inner ear. If the subject is subsequently exposed to rapid linear acceleration, which of the following accurately describes the immediate physiological outcome?
Options
- A.
The otoliths fail to shift, preventing the bending of stereocilia and subsequent depolarization of the macular hair cells.
- B.
Stereocilia bend and hair cells depolarize, but the generation of action potentials in the afferent vestibular nerve is blocked.
- C.
Hair cells hyperpolarize due to the accumulation of neurotransmitters, leading to a complete loss of dynamic equilibrium.
- D.
The crista ampullaris compensates for the macular failure, maintaining normal proprioceptive-vestibular integration.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Vestibular Equilibrium Mechanics|Synaptic Vesicle Exocytosis Trigger|Calcium Ion Channels
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Deconstructing sensory transduction into distinct mechanical, electrical, and chemical phases.
The trap relies on the student's ability to recognize that a chemical blockade at the synapse does not prevent the upstream mechanical bending of stereocilia or the electrical depolarization of the hair cell itself.
It also rigorously tests the functional distinction between the macula (linear acceleration) and the crista ampullaris (rotational acceleration).
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Neural Control and Coordination - Class 11 |
| Concept | Vestibular Equilibrium Mechanics |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |