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Question #42163

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A spherical blackbody source of proper temperature T0T_0 moves directly towards a stationary observer with a constant velocity v=45cv = \frac{4}{5}c. In the rest frame of the source, the spectral radiance peaks at a wavelength λ0\lambda_0. The observer measures the incoming radiation. Let λobs\lambda_{obs} be the observed peak wavelength. Let IobsI_{obs} be the total observed radiance (energy per unit area per unit time per unit solid angle) integrated over all frequencies, and I0I_0 be the corresponding total proper radiance. Given that the quantity Iνν3\frac{I_\nu}{\nu^3} is Lorentz invariant (where IνI_\nu is the spectral radiance and ν\nu is the frequency), determine the values of λobsλ0\frac{\lambda_{obs}}{\lambda_0} and IobsI0\frac{I_{obs}}{I_0}.

Options

  • A.

    13\frac{1}{3} and 8181

  • B.

    13\frac{1}{3} and 99

  • C.

    33 and 8181

  • D.

    19\frac{1}{9} and 2727

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Wien’s Displacement Law|Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution|Doppler Effect

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the synthesis of relativistic kinematics with blackbody thermodynamics.

A common trap is applying the classical Doppler shift or assuming total radiance scales linearly or quadratically with the frequency shift.

Students often fail to recognize that the Lorentz invariance of Iν/ν3I_\nu/\nu^3 leads to an effective temperature Tobs=DT0T_{obs} = D T_0.

By the Stefan-Boltzmann law equivalent for radiance, this results in a D4D^4 dependence for the total radiance.

Furthermore, confusing the wavelength shift direction or using the non-relativistic approximation leads to incorrect wavelength ratios.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterThermal Properties of Matter - Class 11 Part 2
ConceptWien’s Displacement Law
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree