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Question #42525

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A closed cubical container of side length HH is completely filled with a liquid of total mass MM and density ρ\rho. The container is initially at rest, and the liquid is at its normal boiling point T0T_0 with the pressure at the top-front edge (x=0,y=0x=0, y=0) being P0P_0. The container is then given a constant horizontal acceleration aa in the −x-x direction (where yy is the downward vertical direction). The rate of change of the boiling point with pressure is a constant α\alpha (i.e., dTdP=α\frac{dT}{dP} = \alpha). To maintain the liquid at the verge of boiling everywhere and to vaporize a small uniform mass fraction ff of the liquid throughout the volume, a total heat QQ must be supplied. Assume the pressure at the top-front edge remains P0P_0, and the volume of vapor formed is negligible. Given CC is the specific heat capacity of the liquid and LvL_v is the latent heat of vaporization, find the total heat QQ supplied.

Options

  • A.

    MfLv+12MCαρH(a+g)M f L_v + \frac{1}{2} M C \alpha \rho H (a + g)

  • B.

    MfLv+12MCαρHa2+g2M f L_v + \frac{1}{2} M C \alpha \rho H \sqrt{a^2 + g^2}

  • C.

    MfLv+MCαρH(a+g)M f L_v + M C \alpha \rho H (a + g)

  • D.

    MfLv+12MCαρH(a2+g2+g)M f L_v + \frac{1}{2} M C \alpha \rho H \left( \sqrt{a^2 + g^2} + g \right)

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Intuition_Breaker

Train your brain to resist "obvious" answers that are designed to deceive your intuition.

Concepts Behind This Question

Latent Heat and Volume Change|Frame of Reference Inertial vs Non-Inertial|Integration

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the student's ability to integrate thermodynamic properties over a spatial pressure gradient in a non-inertial frame.

The primary trap is the incorrect assumption that the average pressure in the accelerating fluid depends directly on the magnitude of the effective gravity geff=g2+a2g_{eff} = \sqrt{g^2+a^2} multiplied by the geometric center depth H/2H/2.

While the pressure gradient magnitude is indeed ρgeff\rho g_{eff}, the correct projection of the centroid's depth along the effective gravity vector yields an average pressure shift proportional to (a+g)(a+g).

Students who blindly apply geffg_{eff} to the center of mass without performing the volume integral or correctly projecting the depth will select the incorrect option containing a2+g2\sqrt{a^2+g^2}.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterThermal Properties of Matter - Class 11 Part 2
ConceptLatent Heat and Volume Change
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree